We pick h.root-servers.net, one of the 13 root servers (1), and ask it about karlosantos.clix.pt and learn that pt is delegated to eight name servers (2), so we ask ns2.nic.fr where we learn that clix.pt is delegated to two name servers, including ns2.novis.pt (3), so we ask that one where we see a CNAME from karlosantos.clix.pt to www.clix.pt, so we have to start all over again. We already know that ns1.novis.pt is authoritative for clix.pt (4) and ask it about www.clix.pt and get the following answer: